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Stone masonry

The construction of stones bonded together with mortar is termed as stone masonry where the stones are available in a abundance in nature, on cutting and dressing to the proper shape, they  provide an economical material for the construction of various building
components such as walls, columns, footings, arches, lintels, beams etc.
Uses of stone masonry:
Stone masonry construction is used in
(i) Building foundations, dams,monumental structures. 
(ii) Building walls, piers, columns, pillars, light houses and architectural works.  
(iii) Arches, domes, lintels and beams
(iv) Roofs, flems, paving jobs
(v) Railway, bullest, black boards and electrical switch boards.  
 Selection of stone for stone masonry:
 The selection of stones for stone masonry depends upon
a. Availability
b. Ease of working
c. Appearance
d. Strength and stability
e. Polishing characteristics
f. Economy
g. Durability
General principles in the stone masonry construction
1. The stones to be used for stone masonry should be hard, tough and durable.  
2. The pressure acting on stones should be vertical
3. The stones should be perfectly dressed as per the requirements
4. The heads and bond stones should not be of a dumb bell shape.
5. In order to obtain uniform distribution of load, under the ends of griders, roof trusses etc large flat stones should be used.  
6. The beds of the stones and plan of the course should be at right angles to the slope in the case of sloping retaining wall.  
7. Wood boxing should be filled into walls having fine dressed stone work to protect it during further construction.  
8. The mortar to be used should be good quality and in the specified faces. 
9. The instruction work of stone masonry should be raised uniformly.  
10. The plumb bob should be used to check the vertically of erected wall. 
11. The stone masonry section should always be designed to take compression and not the tensile stresses.  
12. The masonry work should be properly cured after the completion of work for a period of 2 to 3 weeks.  
13. As per as possible broken stones or small stones chips should not used.




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